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Antinociceptive effect of amygdalin isolated from Prunus armeniaca on formalin-induced pain in rats

Authors
Hwang, Hye-JeongKim, PilKim, Chang-JuLee, Hye-JungShim, InsopYin, Chang ShikYang, YoungHahm, Dae-Hyun
Issue Date
Aug-2008
Publisher
PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN
Keywords
pain; amygdalin; formalin; inflammation; c-Fos; cytokine
Citation
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN, v.31, no.8, pp 1559 - 1564
Pages
6
Journal Title
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
Volume
31
Number
8
Start Page
1559
End Page
1564
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/14220
DOI
10.1248/bpb.31.1559
ISSN
0918-6158
1347-5215
Abstract
Amygdalin is a plant glucoside isolated from the stones of rosaceous fruits, such as apricots, peaches, almond, cherries, and plums. To investigate the pain-relieving activity of amygdalin, we induced pain in rats through intraplantar injection of formalin, and evaluated the antinociceptive effect of amygdalin at doses of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 10.0 mg/kg-body weight by observing nociceptive behavior such as licking, biting and shaking, the number of Fos-immunoreactive neurons in the spinal cord, and the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in the plantar skin. The intramuscular injection of amygdalin significantly reduced the formalin-induced tonic pain in both early (the initial 10 min after formalin injection) and late phases (10-30 min following the initial formalin injection). During the late phase, amygdalin did reduce the formalin-induced pain in a dose-dependent manner in a dose range less than 1 mg/kg. Molecular analysis targeting c-Fos and inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) also showed a significant effect of amygdalin, which matched the results of the behavioral pain analysis. These results suggest that amygdalin is effective at alleviating inflammatory pain and that it can be used as an analgesic with anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.
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