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Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: An Overview on Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Perspectives

Authors
Ha YoonjiJeong, InjuKim, Tae Hyun
Issue Date
Oct-2022
Publisher
MDPI
Keywords
alcohol-related liver disease; pathophysiology; diagnosis; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; therapeutic targets; G protein-coupled receptor
Citation
Biomedicines, v.10, no.10, pp 1 - 21
Pages
21
Journal Title
Biomedicines
Volume
10
Number
10
Start Page
1
End Page
21
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/151425
DOI
10.3390/biomedicines10102530
ISSN
2227-9059
2227-9059
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) refers to a spectrum of liver manifestations ranging from fatty liver diseases, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis/cirrhosis with chronic inflammation primarily due to excessive alcohol use. Currently, ALD is considered as one of the most prevalent causes of liver disease-associated mortality worldwide. Although the pathogenesis of ALD has been intensively investigated, the present understanding of its biomarkers in the context of early clinical diagnosis is not complete, and novel therapeutic targets that can significantly alleviate advanced forms of ALD are limited. While alcohol abstinence remains the primary therapeutic intervention for managing ALD, there are currently no approved medications for treating ALD. Furthermore, given the similarities and the differences between ALD and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in terms of disease progression and underlying molecular mechanisms, numerous studies have demonstrated that many therapeutic interventions targeting several signaling pathways, including oxidative stress, inflammatory response, hormonal regulation, and hepatocyte death play a significant role in ALD treatment. Therefore, in this review, we summarized several key molecular targets and their modes of action in ALD progression. We also described the updated therapeutic options for ALD management with a particular emphasis on potentially novel signaling pathways.
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