Induction of thioredoxin is required for nodule development to reduce reactive oxygen species levels in soybean roots
- Authors
- Lee, MY; Shin, KH; Kim, YK; Suh, JY; Gu, YY; Kim, MR; Hur, YS; Son, O; Kim, JS; Song, E; Lee, MS; Nam, KH; Sung, MK; Kim, HJ; Chun, JY; Park, M; Ahn, TI; Hong, CB; Lee, SH; Park, HJ; Park, JS; Verma, DPS; Cheon, CI
- Issue Date
- Dec-2005
- Publisher
- AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
- Citation
- PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, v.139, no.4, pp 1881 - 1889
- Pages
- 9
- Journal Title
- PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
- Volume
- 139
- Number
- 4
- Start Page
- 1881
- End Page
- 1889
- URI
- https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/15458
- DOI
- 10.1104/pp.105.067884
- ISSN
- 0032-0889
1532-2548
- Abstract
- Nodules are formed on legume roots as a result of signaling between symbiotic partners and in response to the activities of numerous genes. We cloned fragments of differentially expressed genes in spot-inoculated soybean (Glycine max) roots. Many of the induced clones were similar to known genes related to oxidative stress, such as thioredoxin and beta-carotene hydroxylase. The deduced amino acid sequences of full-length soybean cDNAs for thioredoxin and beta-carotene hydroxylase were similar to those in other species. In situ RNA hybridization revealed that the thioredoxin gene is expressed on the pericycle of 2-d-old nodules and in the infected cells of mature nodules, suggesting that thioredoxin is involved in nodule development. The thioredoxin promoter was found to contain a sequence resembling an antioxidant responsive element. When a thioredoxin mutant of yeast was transformed with the soybean thioredoxin gene it became hydrogen peroxide tolerant. These observations prompted us to measure reactive oxygen species levels. These were decreased by 3- to 5-fold in 7-d-old and 27-d-old nodules, coincident with increases in the expression of thioredoxin and beta-carotene hydroxylase genes. Hydrogen peroxide-producing regions identified with cerium chloride were found in uninoculated roots and 2-d-old nodules, but not in 7-d-old and 27-d-old nodules. RNA interference-mediated repression of the thioredoxin gene severely impaired nodule development. These data indicate that antioxidants such as thioredoxin are essential to lower reactive oxygen species levels during nodule development.
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