Long non-coding RNAs: key regulators of liver and kidney fibrogenesis

Abstract

Fibrosis is a pathological condition that is characterized by anabnormal buildup of extracellular matrix (ECM) components,such as collagen, in tissues. This condition affects various organsof the body, including the liver and kidney. Early diagnosis andtreatment of fibrosis are crucial, as it is a progressive and irreversibleprocess in both organs. While there are certain similaritiesin the fibrosis process between the liver and kidney,there are also significant differences that must be identified todetermine molecular diagnostic markers and potential therapeutictargets. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class ofRNA molecules that do not code for proteins, are increasinglyrecognized as playing significant roles in gene expression regulation. Emerging evidence suggests that specific lncRNAs areinvolved in fibrosis development and progression by modulatingsignaling pathways, such as the TGF-β/Smad pathway andthe β-catenin pathway. Thus, identifying the precise lncRNAsinvolved in fibrosis could lead to novel therapeutic approachesfor fibrotic diseases. In this review, we summarize lncRNAs relatedto fibrosis in the liver and kidney, and propose their potentialas therapeutic targets based on their functions.