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지방교육재정의 변화추이 분석에 따른 문재인정부의 정책 과제Tasks of Moon-Government Based on the Analysis of the Change of Local Education Finance

Other Titles
Tasks of Moon-Government Based on the Analysis of the Change of Local Education Finance
Authors
송기창
Issue Date
Dec-2017
Publisher
한국교육재정경제학회
Keywords
지방교육재정교부금; 보통교부금; 특별교부금; 교육세; 지방채; local educational subsidy; general subsidies; special subsidies; education tax; local education bonds
Citation
교육재정경제연구, v.26, no.4, pp 57 - 92
Pages
36
Journal Title
교육재정경제연구
Volume
26
Number
4
Start Page
57
End Page
92
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/2138
DOI
10.46967/jefe.2017.26.4.57
ISSN
1226-2781
Abstract
이 연구는 지방교육재정의 변화추이를 살펴보고, 지방교육재정의 문제를 제도적 장치의 미비와 정책의 실패로 구분하여 각각을 분석하고, 문재인정부의 국정과제를 분석한 후, 지방교육재정정책의 과제를 제시할 목적으로 추진되었다. 지방교육재정교부금 제도의 미비점으로는 특별교부금에 의한 국가시책사업 추진, 지방채 발행을 통한 교부금 결손 충당, 교부금 및 교육세 예·결산 차액 정산제도의 오작동을, 지방교육재정 정책의 실패 사례로는 BTL 사업에 의한 학교신·증설 추진, 글로벌 금융위기에 교부금 선(先) 정산과 지방채 발행, 교부금에 의한 누리과정 지원, 섣부른 학생 수 감소 효과 기대, 지방교육재정 확충 논리 개발 실패를 제시하였다. 지방교육재정정책의 과제는 두 가지로 구분하여 제안한 바, 지방교육재정교부금제도의 보완과제로는 내국세 교부율 보정 규정 보완, 보통교부금에 의한 국가시책사업 추진 제한, 교부금 부담의 지방채 발행 차단, 내국세 및 교육세 교부금 정산규정에 대한 재검토, 내국세 법정교부율 방식의 교부금 재검토를 제안하였고, 지방교육재원 확충 과제로는 누리과정 재원의 별도 확보, 지방채 등 상환 계정 및 교육환경개선특별회계 신설, 교육세 확충 및 내국세 교부율 인상을 제안하였다.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the change and its problem of local education finance and to suggest on the tasks of educational finance policy of Moon-Government. The problems of local education finance system are as follows: the misuse of the local educational subsidy system by central government, the loss covering system of the grant through the issuance of local education bonds, the malfunction of adjusting system of the difference in subsidies arising from the difference between the internal, education tax budgets and the settled accounts. The failure cases of the local education financing policy are as follows: the failure to establish and enlarge school by the BTL(Build-Transfer-Lease) system, the failure of the pre-adjustment system of the grant and the issuance of local education bonds to cope with the global financial crisis, the failure of financial supporting policy on the Nuri Curriculum by local educational subsidy, and so on. The tasks of local education financing policy of Moon-Government are divided into two categories. The tasks to correct problems of the local education subsidy system are to amend the article of revision of subsidy rates, to establish newly the article to restrict on the national policy projects by general subsidies, to block an issuance of the local education bonds redeemed by the future subsidies, to reexamine the regulation of the adjusting system of the difference between the budgets and the settled accounts, and to review the local education financing system to secure the resources by some rates of internal taxes. The tasks to secure the more resources for the local education subsidy system are to secure the resources separately to fund for Nuri Curriculum, to establish special account for improvement of educational environment or reimbursement account for local education bonds, and to increase education tax rates and subsidy rate of internal taxes.
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