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Platycodon grandiflorus Root Extract Attenuates Body Fat Mass, Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance through the Interplay between the Liver and Adipose Tissueopen access

Authors
Kim, Ye JinChoi, Ji-YoungRyu, RiLee, JeonghyeonCho, Su-JungKwon, Eun-YoungLee, Mi-KyungLiu, Kwang-HyeonRina, YuSung, Mi-KyungChoi, Myung-Sook
Issue Date
Sep-2016
Publisher
MDPI AG
Keywords
Platycodon grandiflorus root; obesity; free fatty acid oxidation; energy expenditure; thermogenesis
Citation
NUTRIENTS, v.8, no.9, pp 1 - 10
Pages
10
Journal Title
NUTRIENTS
Volume
8
Number
9
Start Page
1
End Page
10
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/3285
DOI
10.3390/nu8090532
ISSN
2072-6643
Abstract
The Platycodon grandiflorus root, a Korean medicinal food, is well known to have beneficial effects on obesity and diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated the metabolic effects of P. grandiflorus root ethanol extract (PGE), which is rich in platycodins, on diet-induced obesity. C57BL/6J mice (four-week-old males) were fed a normal diet (16.58% of kilocalories from fat), high-fat diet (HFD, 60% of kilocalories from fat), and HFD supplemented with 5% (w/w) PGE. In the HFD-fed mice, PGE markedly suppressed the body weight gain and white fat mass to normal control level, with simultaneous increase in the expression of thermogenic genes (such as SIRT1, PPAR, PGC1, and UCP1), that accompanied changes in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and energy expenditure. In addition, PGE improved insulin sensitivity through activation of the PPAR expression, which upregulates adiponectin while decreasing leptin gene expression in adipocytes. Furthermore, PGE improved hepatic steatosis by suppressing hepatic lipogenesis while increasing expression of FAO-associated genes such as PGC1. PGE normalized body fat and body weight, which is likely associated with the increased energy expenditure and thermogenic gene expression. PGE can protect from HFD-induced insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis by controlling lipid and glucose metabolism.
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