Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and diabetes-related factors in Korean adults without diabetes: The Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012

Abstract

Aims: Vitamin D is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) occurrence by affecting insulin secretion and resistance. However, variations exist due to differences in vitamin D sensitivity among individuals. We investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status and various indices of DM in a Korean population without DM. Methods: Large-scaled population-based analysis was conducted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2010-2012) were analyzed. Adult survey participants >20 years without diabetes (n=15,169) were included. Results: The mean 25(OH)D levels were lower in females, subjects aged 20-39 years, and subjects with body mass index <21.1 kg/m(2) and less physical activity (p <0.001). Further, the mean 25(OH)D levels tended to be lower in subjects with FBG >126 mg/dL. After adjustment for potential confounders, 25(OH)D was not correlated with FBG (p =0.925) or HbA1c (p =0.336); however, fasting insulin (beta= -0.072, p =0.011) and homeostasis model assessment of (beta-cell function (beta= -0.007, p <0.001) showed significant negative correlations with 25(OH)D levels. Conclusion: Although 25(OH)D status was not significantly associated with FBG or HbA1c, low 25(OH)D levels were associated with compensative insulin increase and ongoing increase in insulin resistance. Thus, vitamin D deficiency is assumed to influence DM occurrence. (C) 2017 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.