고려시기 ‘주현 속현 단위’ 설정 배경에 대한 시론－‘청주목지역’의 지리적 특징의 분석－

Abstract

Relations between chu-hyŏn(主縣) and sok-hyŏn(屬縣) had very important meaning in the local governing system of Goryeo dynasty. This article investigates how ‘chu-hyŏn(leading county) and sok-hyŏn(subordinate county) unit(주현 속현 단위)’ was organized by studying geographical features of ‘Ch'ŏngju-mok area(청주목지역)‘ in Goryeo era and find out the principle underlying the way ‘chu-hyŏn(leading county) and sok-hyŏn(subordinate county) unit’ was organized. ‘Ch'ŏngju-mok area’ consisted of Ch'ŏngju-mok, the ‘chu-hyŏn’ (leading county) of this area, and its nine sok-hyŏns. It was the ninth year of King Hyŏnjong when nine sok-hyŏns and Ch'ŏngju-mok were put together and adjusted as ‘Ch'ŏngju-mok area’ In general, mountain ranges and rivers functioned as jurisdiction border between ‘Ch'ŏngju-mok area’ and its neighbors. As Ch'ŏngju-mok was located on the center of its nine sok-hyŏns, transportation routes of ‘Ch'ŏngju-mok area’ mainly developed between the chu-hyŏn(Ch'ŏngju-mok) and Its nine sok-hyŏns. When the central government of Goryeo organized ‘chu-hyŏn and sok-hyŏn unit’ at King Hyŏnjong’s era, what government first considered about was not political aspect such as the scale of powerful local clans or their connection with the central government. Instead, the central government selected traditional local centers as chu-hyŏns to make it more efficient to rule local areas and organized ‘chu-hyŏn and sok-hyŏn unit’ considering geographical features and transportation conditions. Even though diverse regional differences occurred in organizing ‘chu-hyŏn and sok-hyŏn unit’, geographical features, especially mountain ranges, apparently became a dominant factor on determining the border of each unit.