The Correlation between NaCl Adaptation and Heat Sensitivity of Listeria monocytogenes, a Foodborne Pathogen through Fresh and Processed Meat

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between NaCl sensitivity and stress response of Listeria monocytogenes. Nine strains of L. monocytogenes (NCCP10805, NCCP10806, NCCP10807, NCCP10808, NCCP10809, NCCP10810, NCCP10811, NCCP10920 and NCCP 10943) were exposed to 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% NaCl, and then incubated at 60 degrees C for 60 min to select strains that were heat-sensitized (HS) and non-sensitized (NS) by NaCl exposure. After heat challenge, L. monocytogenes strains were categorized as HS (NCCP 10805, NCCP10806, NCCP10807, NCCP10810, NCCP10811 and NCCP10920) or NS (NCCP10808, NCCP10809 and NCCP10943). Total mRNA was extracted from a HS strain (NCCP10811) and two NS strains (NCCP10808 and NCCP10809), and then cDNA was prepared to analyze the expression of genes (inlA, inlB, opuC, betL, gbuB, osmC and ctc) that may be altered in response to NaCl stress, by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of two invasion-related genes (inlA and inlB) and two stress response genes (opuC and ctc) were increased (p<0.05) in NS strains after NaCl exposure in an NaCl concentration-dependent manner. However, only betL expression was increased (p<0.05) in the HS strains. These results indicate that the effect of NaCl on heat sensitization of L. monocytogenes is strain dependent and that opuC and ctc may prevent NS L. monocytogenes strains from being heat sensitized by NaCl. Moreover, NaCl also increases the expression of invasion-related genes (inlA and inlB).