ScholarWorks@숙명여자대학교

초록

In these days, where non-face-to-face and untact environments have become commonplace due to the development of information and communication technology and the Corona pandemic, the face-to-face contact is essential for elections. Online election campaigns have the characteristics of an interaction that creates and consumes a variety of information, rather than a unilateral method of information delivery and a balance of opportunities due to low cost. These characteristics allow voters to learn about various issues related to elections and exchange information and opinions with others, and voters can also become active agents of elections. However, online election campaigns have adverse functions that hinder the free choice of voters, from biased information consumption and rapid spread of false information to hacking attacks or manipulation of public opinion through technical programs. As a way to solve this problem, the justification of national regulations to prevent the spread of false information and technical attacks that use programs for unfair purposes to form public opinion is recognized. However, considering the value of freedom of expression, it would be desirable to minimize national regulations. Under this premise, self-regulation has advantages over government regulation in that it has expertise, flexibility, efficiency, promptness, and simplicity, and that it is easy to obtain cooperation. For desirable self-regulation to be successful, procedural fairness, social responsibility, and effectiveness must be accompanied. In the case of platforms such as YouTube and Facebook, they are not press with public responsibility, but a sense of responsibility for quality journalism is required in consideration of social influence. Internet service providers must be aware of their social responsibility and cannot secure a position in the market without any obligations. In particular, it is important that all election-related matters be transparently disclosed in order to prevent the spread of false information and solve problems in cooperation with professional organizations and the media. And above all, in order to respond to the new communication environment, the individual's ability to objectively and systematically handle enormous amounts of political information and knowledge must be strengthened. Although the COVID-19 pandemic situation has further increased non-face-to-face online communication, this phenomenon will continue after COVID-19. Online campaigning through social media makes voters function as subjects of actively interacting elections rather than unilateral recipients of information. Concerns over ways to improve the problem of online campaigns should continue so that candidates and voters can close the distance and enjoy sufficient information exchange and interaction.

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