실존주의 논의 일고찰 : 1950년대를 중심으로

초록

In this paper, I have stated the aspect of accepted existentialism which had been favoured in post-Korean War literature in 1950s and criticism on it. Even though it has been said that existentialism has been favoured in post-war literature, it has already been imported with the western culture since Independence. The withdrawal of ideology is characteristic of the importance of existentialism, which is irrelevant to the discussion on the separation of ideology into Right and Left. Existentialism is placed on the third position through the realistic restriction concerned with anti-communism, and the reflection and skepticism left by the ideological confrontation after independence. It is accepted with critigue based on the marxian socialism. Also, it governs prominently the 1950s' literature with the outbreak of the Korean War, as if the only thought of Korea. The great characteristic of postwar existentialism is that it is concerned with the linkage of generaliations. Expectation to the new generation to fill literary gaps after the establishment of government was acutely needed with the need of a new way of literature after Korean War. The appearance of the new generation, as on method of groping for a new way, was in an opposite position to the old generation, i. e., repelling and criticism which were the most distinguished characteristic of the postwar new generation,. The postwar new generation's critigue, as the resistance to the old generation, showed the strong modernistic inclination, through existentialism which could be in a comparatively profitable position in the 1950s realistic limitation. The typical example is Lee O^-Lyeng's existential analysis and criticism. However, the dispute on existentialism ended as a guarred, not as an argument in the late 1950s. The discussion on existentialism was abstract and superficial because it had been developed without the basic understanding of thought. This is its limitation. The internal division of the literary world made it be trifing theory. As a result, the discussion on the 1950s existentialism was assessed as the internaliation of confict between the new generation and the old one, and its revelation. I think that the study on existentialism accepted in literary works with the 1950s criticism is the important work for the explication of the 1950s literature, and that the study concerned with it must be processed broadly and deeply.