ScholarWorks@숙명여자대학교

초록

In response to the US government's policy of détente on the Korean Peninsula, the Park Chung-hee administration proceeded with inter-Korean dialogue that led to the 1971 Inter-Korean Red Cross Talks, July 4 South-North Joint Communique, and the Inter-Korean Coordination Committee. South and North Korea approached the issue of reunion of separated families, which was a humanitarian issue and the most urgent task, as they began inter-Korean talks. At that time, the Korean Red Cross was the most appropriate organization to deal with the humanitarian issue of reunion of separated families. The South Korean side proposed dialogue through the Korean Red Cross on August 12, 1971, and the North Korean side also accepted this proposal due to internal and external needs, and inter-Korean Red Cross talks began. The inter-Korean Red Cross talks consisted of contact with dispatched personnel, preliminary talks, working-level meetings, and main meetings. At the inter-Korean Red Cross preliminary meeting, five items were agreed on the agenda for resolving the issue of separated families. At the main inter-Korean talks, specific implementation methods and conditions were discussed for resolving the issue of separated family reunions, but they showed differences of opinion and confronted each other. The main inter-Korean Red Cross talks were suspended for the seventh time, but the two sides continued to meet until 1977 in the form of a working-level meeting to resume the Red Cross talks. After the meeting was stopped in 1977, the Korean Red Cross continued to demand the resumption of inter-Korean Red Cross talks from the North Korean Red Cross Central Committee from a humanitarian perspective until the end of the 1970s, but the Park Chung-hee administration did not realize it. The inter-Korean talks through the Inter-Korean Red Cross talks, which took place in various forms from 1971 to 1977, was closely related to the maintenance of the government of the Park Chung-hee government. In response to the US détente policy, inter-Korean dialogue was held and the July 4 South-North Joint Communique was issued, but it accelerated anti-communist policies and social control, which eventually led to the establishment of the Yushin Regime. It was an inter-Korean talks that took place in the international context of the easing of the Cold War, but it was difficult for the South and the North to escape from the Cold War perception of each other. The Inter-Korean Red Cross Talks can be said to be practically a dialogue between the authorities, with the Red Cross at the forefront of both sides, in terms of the actors and participants of the talks. This is because the summit headquarters, which establishes the strategy and tactics of the Inter-Korean Red Cross talks, consisted of relevant government ministries led by the Central Intelligence Agency in South Korea and the United Front Department of the Workers' Party of Korea in North Korea. At that time, anti-communism was the state policy, so the fact that the government discussed the issue of dialogue with North Korean communists became a big political issue in itself. Therefore, policy discussions on North Korea policy were not openly held within the government, but centered on the President and the Central Intelligence Agency. In the end, it was difficult for the South and North Korean Red Cross to maintain political neutrality in the humanitarian talks called reunion of separated families due to domestic restrictions. Although it seems that the government at the time appropriately utilized an organization called the Korean Red Cross, which has a humanitarian approach, it shows the limitations of the structure in which the humanitarian agenda cannot but be affected by political decisions.

키워드