ScholarWorks@숙명여자대학교

초록

After liberation, most colonial architectures have changed and remained in public space. They have been used continuously for practical reason. Retention of colonial architectures does not mean mere continuance of space but symbolism as well. Japanese Government-General Building, built in 1926, was critical architecture that represented colonial power of Japanese imperialism era. Even after the liberation of Korea, it had been used for 50 years as United States Army Military Government in Korea(USAMGIK), Central Government Complex and National Museum of Korea. So far, studies of Japanese Government-General Building were concentrated on certain period– completion and removal. But it is necessary to study changes of colonial architectures after liberation of Korea. This research examines changing processes of the building throughout its existence by focusing on its usage as main government building after liberation. Through this, the study is to find out in what logic that made modern architecture representing colonial power was used and removed. After Korean independence, though the Japanese Government-General Building was symbol of colonial power, it was kept in use as main office building of government for economical efficiency. It was used as USAMGIK right after liberation, and became the Capitol building after government formation. Its economic feasibility had fell because of damages due to Korean War, still it was more financially better to repair than built new one. After 1980s, as economy grew, ‘Recovery of Ethnicity’ came to the fore and the Japanese Government-General Building was changed to National Museum of Korea. Jeon Doohwan regime, which had lack of political legitimacy, carried out this plan to gain public popularity. Kim Yeongsam government made policy of deconstruction of building as part of ‘Historical Rectification’. Processes change and removal was all for ‘Recovery of National identity’. However, social interest was just focus on visible action and discussion about historical meaning of the architecture was not viewed. Most of modern architectures, existing nowadays, are now facing maintenance or abolition on decision of center or local governments. To maintain modern buildings, it is necessary to avoid from unconditional logic, and make standard to look modern culture heritage in overall and long-term perspective. Korean modern architectures were kept in use after liberation for practical reason and individual of them changed in various ways. Therefore, it is difficult to apply one certain standard on decision on maintenance of them. Each of them were used in different ways depends on situation after liberation, there is need to look at historicity of the building throughout its entire existing period.

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