ScholarWorks@숙명여자대학교

초록

As the Chinese-Japanese War broke out in July, 1937, both Japan and its colony Chosun entered into full-blown General Mobilization System in Wartime. In its colony Chosun, Japanese Imperialism emphasized the integration of Japan and Chosun to Chosun people and implemented the policy of recreating the imperial subjects ensure smooth mobilization for the war. In 1938, Total National Mobilization Act was promulgated. In colonized Chosun, the press was under a dual control system between the Public Bureau of Japanese Government-General of Chosun and the Communications Department of Japanese Forces in Korea. In addition Japanese Imperialism organized Chosun Chunchuhoi for mobilization of war and war propagan. In February, 1938, an associated organization called Chosun Chunchuhoi(朝鮮春秋會) was set up which was comprised of 26 daily newspapers around Chosun. It was an outcome of inducement from the Japanese Government-General of Chosun. Its goal was to promote smooth cooperation from the press under the General Mobilization System in Wartime, under which the press cooperated by using propaganda for wartime mobilization and elucidating the logic of war. Chosun Chunchuhoi developed an activity of reducing newspaper in accordance with the controlled economy policy under the General Mobilization System in Wartime and engaged in propaganda activities to support the system. It raised and delivered condolence money for wounded soldiers in the Chinese-Japanese War and participated in the construction of a memorial to fallen soldiers. During the period of Chinese-Japanese War, the press in Chosun was loyal to its propaganda and mobilization duties to mobilize Chosun people in war. In particular, a National mass convention for denouncement of the UK(排英國民大會) was held with the formation of Association for denouncement of the UK(排英同志會) around Chosun Chunchuhoi. Association for denouncement of the UK was literally a national convention to reject U.K. As the Chinese-Japanese War was prolonged, Japan kept an eye on the U.K. based on its judgment that it was behind the prolongation. Once it had frictions with the U.K. at foreign concession of China, it embarked on a large-scale movement to reject the U.K. It seemed a voluntary move of Chosun Chunchuhoi on the surface, but the Communications Department of Japanese Forces in Korea was behind it. It was to support the force wanting to expand war to include the U.K in Japan. In 1940, a National mass convention for denouncement Enemy country(敵性國家擊攘國民大會) was held, during which Japan's scope of enemy countries expanded from the U.K. to Western powers. This convention was a rally to criticize Western powers and event to show Japan's intention to march into the Asia-Pacific War. After in 1942, Chosun Chunchuhoi changed its name to Chosun Newspapers Association(朝鮮新聞會) and overhauled its organization. Even though its overhaul was to control the overall aspects of the newspaper industry in Chosun including the guidance for its maintenance, registration and cultivation of newspaper reporters, and procurement and distribution of newspaper materials, its actual activities were similar to those of Chosun Chunchuhoi. That is, its main activities were collaborating with the General Mobilization System in Wartime and using propaganda along with the reduction of newspaper.

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