ScholarWorks@숙명여자대학교

초록

This study conducts a comparative analysis of local educational governance principles in the United States and Japan, focusing on policy for assucring basic academic skills. Using an analytical framework that integrates decentralization types, intergovernmental relations, and policy transfer theory, it identifies patterns of decentralization and governance features across policy contexts. The analysis shows that U.S. policies evolved from centralized control under NCLB to greater state autonomy under ESSA. The federal government sets national academic standards, while states design implementation and assessment systems, balancing accountability with autonomy. Japan’s “guarantee of learning” policy operates under collaborative governance that combines decentralization and delegation: the Ministry of Education establishes national guidelines, while local education boards create improvement plans and manage performance through PDCA cycles. This study contributes to Korea’s local educational governance by clarifying how decentralization types should vary by policy domain, how collaborative governance operates in practice, and how accountability and autonomy can be harmonized across educational policy areas.

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