ScholarWorks@숙명여자대학교

초록

This study analyzes the cultural and artistic consumption behaviors of individuals aged 65 and older using data from the 2023 National Culture and Arts Activities Survey. Specifically, it examines the factors influencing cultural participation by distinguishing between direct attendance and media-based viewing of films and popular music/entertainment performances. The study empirically investigates the effects of economic capital, environmental capital, cultural capital, and health capital on cultural consumption among the elderly. The results indicate that cultural capital and economic capital are the primary determinants of cultural and artistic consumption among older adults, with perceived physical health also playing a significant role. Regarding cultural capital, elderly individuals with higher educational attainment and previous cultural education experiences were more likely to engage in cultural consumption. In particular, those who received cultural and artistic education during childhood and adolescence showed a tendency to actively participate in cultural activities later in life. Economic capital, particularly household income, was a crucial factor in determining the likelihood of direct attendance at cultural events, with higher-income elderly individuals being more inclined to attend films and live performances. Conversely, environmental capital did not significantly impact cultural consumption, suggesting that personal factors exert a stronger influence than environment capital on elderly participation in cultural activities. Regarding health capital, older adults with a higher perception of their physical health were more likely to engage in both direct and media-based cultural consumption. Physical health was especially critical in determining direct attendance at cultural events. The analysis of age groups revealed that those aged 65–69 exhibited the highest levels of cultural consumption, while the preference for media-based consumption increased with age. Among individuals aged 70 and older, mobility limitations and physical constraints contributed to a greater reliance on television and online platforms for cultural engagement. Additionally, gender differences were observed in direct attendance at popular music and entertainment performances, with women participating at higher rates than men. However, no significant gender differences were found in other types of cultural consumption. This study empirically confirms that cultural and artistic consumption among older adults is predominantly influenced by economic and cultural factors, while physical health and digital technology play critical roles in shaping consumption patterns. To promote cultural participation among the elderly, it is essential to enhance digital accessibility and develop programs integrating cultural activities with health promotion. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for understanding the cultural consumption patterns of older adults and serve as a practical foundation for policy development.

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