Comparison of Osteogenic Differentiation from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Pulp Cells on PLGA/Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber

Abstract

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid(PLGA) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer that is used in various medical applications. Synthetic biodegradable polymers can provide temporary scaffolds for cell adhesion and expansion both in vitro and in vivo. These scaffolds guide tissue regeneration in volumes with defined sizes and shapes. Current surgical strategies for bone reconstruction would be greatly improved by a better understanding and use of stem cells. Also nanofibers have recently gained substantial interest for potential applications in tissue engineering. In this study, we demonstrate a method for characterizing the gene expression pattern during osteogenic differentiation of Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) and Pulp cells(PCs) deposited onto PLGA/Hydroxyapatite nanofibrous scaffolds. The results showed that osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of stem cells cultured on the PLGA/HAp nanofiber occurred. These results were confirmed by both an alkaline phosphatase activity(ALP) and a calcium assay. Also, we investigated whether osteogenic differentiation of stem cells affected the expression of osteogenic genes(osteocalcin, collagen type I). These gene mRNA and protein levels were found to increase in a time–dependent manner as confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot