Analysis of Nature-Based Solutions Research Trends and Integrated Means of Implementation in Climate Change

Abstract

Nature-based solutions (NbS) is an approach to solving climate change and social issues based on nature. Despite NbS being widely studied as an effective method to solve social problems, the trends in NbS research have hardly been analyzed. Therefore, this study examined change patterns in NbS-related research topics over time and analyzed the interactions of NbS research and relevant activities in various fields. After reviewing research papers based on the search term 'nature-based solutions' on Scopus, and collecting 1567 research papers, we conducted dynamic topic modeling (DTM) and network analysis. The papers were classified into 19 topics via DTM. Water, forest, and urban topics made up the greatest portion of NbS research, while NbS topics in the forest sector showed a steady increase over time. This study also found close connections between NbS studies on forests and other sectors and confirmed that the forest sector can become an integrated means of contributing to climate change responses and other resultant social issues. This study demonstrates that DTM and network analysis are useful tools for understanding the trends in NbS research and finding the linkages between various fields.