Pharmacokinetics and saturable blood-brain barrier transport of biotin bound to a conjugate of avidin and a monoclonal antibody to the transferrin receptor
- Authors
- Kang, Young Sook; ULRICH BICKEL; WILLIAM M. PARDRIDGE
- Issue Date
- Jan-1994
- Publisher
- The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
- Citation
- Drug Metabolism and Disposition, v.22, no.1, pp 99 - 105
- Pages
- 7
- Journal Title
- Drug Metabolism and Disposition
- Volume
- 22
- Number
- 1
- Start Page
- 99
- End Page
- 105
- URI
- https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/146304
- ISSN
- 0090-9556
- Abstract
- The delivery of biotinylated therapeutics through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) may be facilitated by the use of avidin-based chimeric peptide conjugates. The latter are formed by conjugating avidin to a BBB drug delivery vector, which is a protein that undergoes receptor-mediated transcytosis through the BBB. The murine OX26 monoclonal antibody to the rat transferrin receptor undergoes receptor-mediated transport through the BBB, and previous studies have shown that a [3H]biotin/avidin-OX26 conjugate is effectively transported through the BBB. However, avidin is a cationic protein, which causes a marked increase in the systemic clearance of avidin-based conjugates from the plasma compartment. The present studies describe attempts to elevate the reduced plasma area under the curve (AUC) of [3H]biotin/avidin-OX26 by preloading or coloading with unconjugated OX26 antibody or unconjugated avidin. Both systemic clearance and BBB transport of avidin-OX26 were equally affected by OX26 preloading or coloading; this had inverse effects on the plasma AUC and the BBB permeability surface area product with no resulting change in the fractional delivery of [3H]biotin to brain. Conversely, avidin coloading preferentially reduced brain clearance of the [3H]biotin/avidin-OX26 conjugate, without substantial alteration in the plasma AUC and greatly reduced the fractional delivery of [3H]biotin to brain. In summary, these studies show that the use of avidin-based vectors results in rapid systemic clearance, which causes a reduction in the delivery of [3H]biotin to brain, despite a comparable BBB permeability coefficient for either the unconjugated OX26 antibody or the avidin-OX26 conjugate.
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