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Directing lineage specification of human mesenchymal stem cells by decoupling electrical stimulation and physical patterning on unmodified graphene

Authors
Balikov D.A.Fang B.Chun Y.W.Crowder S.W.Prasai D.Lee J.B.Bolotin K.I.Sung H.-J.
Issue Date
Jul-2016
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Citation
Nanoscale, v.8, no.28, pp 13730 - 13739
Pages
10
Journal Title
Nanoscale
Volume
8
Number
28
Start Page
13730
End Page
13739
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/147048
DOI
10.1039/c6nr04400j
ISSN
2040-3364
2040-3372
Abstract
The organization and composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) have been shown to impact the propagation of electrical signals in multiple tissue types. To date, many studies with electroactive biomaterial substrates have relied upon passive electrical stimulation of the ionic media to affect cell behavior. However, development of cell culture systems in which stimulation can be directly applied to the material-thereby isolating the signal to the cell-material interface and cell-cell contracts-would provide a more physiologically-relevant paradigm for investigating how electrical cues modulate lineage-specific stem cell differentiation. In the present study, we have employed unmodified, directly-stimulated, (un)patterned graphene as a cell culture substrate to investigate how extrinsic electrical cycling influences the differentiation of naïve human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) without the bias of exogenous biochemicals. We first demonstrated that cyclic stimulation does not deteriorate the cell culture media or result in cytotoxic pH, which are critical experiments for correct interpretation of changes in cell behavior. We then measured how the expression of osteogenic and neurogenic lineage-specific markers were altered simply by exposure to electrical stimulation and/or physical patterns. Expression of
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