일본 고려악을 통해서 본 고대 한국음악에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study purposed to explain the musical characteristics and development of Komagaku by examining music scores Kaichuhu, Motomasahuehu, Sangoyôroku, and Meijisenteihu compiled between the 11th and 19th century. The results of this study are as follows. First, we investigated the origin of each piece of music of Komagaku, and found that 7 pieces of music Gitoku, Ayagiri, Onintei, Sintoriso, Gotoriso, Sinkahu, and Nasori were connected to ancient Korea. Second, comparing the contents of the scores, we found that 35 pieces of Komagaku were handed down until the 13th century but the number was reduced to 23 in the late 19th century and the same number has been maintained until now. Third, among the music believed to be connected to ancient Korea, 4 pieces were analyzed to examine their musical characteristics. As to structure, each music divided largely into 2~3 parts. The most frequent tones were ‘e’(gung) ‘b’(chi), and among sounds lasting two or more measures as well, ‘e’ and ‘b’ appeared most frequently. This shows that the two tones play an important function in the structure of the music. It was found that the scale used in pieces of Koma‐Ichikotsucho is not simple Chinese sang scale but a combined form with Chinese gung scale. Fourth, we compared the scores and examined the development of music over ages. These pieces of music maintained their melody with little change, but while scores in the 12th century and 13th century showed perfect coincidence between each other, that in the 19th century showed some differences in the position of melody and the score of Komabue contained the fine divisions of rhythm and many ornaments.