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식민주의 역사학과 ‘우리’ 안의 타율성론Historiography of Colonialism and Theory of Heteronomy in the Korean People: Colonialist study of history and the internalized theory of heteronomy

Other Titles
Historiography of Colonialism and Theory of Heteronomy in the Korean People: Colonialist study of history and the internalized theory of heteronomy
Authors
강진원
Issue Date
May-2016
Publisher
역사문제연구소
Keywords
식민주의 역사학; 타율성론; 만선사관; 고구려; 반도적 성격론; 환경결정론; Colonialist study of history; theory of heteronomy; historical view of Manchuria-Joseon; Goguryeo Dynasty; theory of peninsula characteristics; environmental determinism.
Citation
역사비평, no.115, pp 212 - 231
Pages
20
Journal Title
역사비평
Number
115
Start Page
212
End Page
231
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/159360
ISSN
1227-3627
Abstract
식민주의 역사학의 타율성론은 한국사의 전개 과정이 외세의 간섭으로 이루어졌다는 논의이다. 이는 만선사관과 반도적 성격론으로 나눌 수 있다. 만선사관은 일제의 대륙 침략이 본격화되면서 나타난다. 만선사관에서는 만주와 한반도를 하나의 역사 단위로 파악하면서도, 한반도의 역사가 만주의 역사적 흐름에 종속된다고 보았다. 이는 당면한 현실의 수요로 급조된 연구였다. 때문에 여러 면에서 모순된 부분이 존재하였다. 반도적 성격론은 1930년대 이후 강화되었는데, 여기에는 환경결정론적 지정학의 영향이 있었다. 전적으로 지리적 조건에 의해 역사가 결정된다는 견해는 근거가 빈약하다. 이러한 흐름은 오늘날 우리 사회에서도 발견된다. 만주 중심적 사고나 반도·열도에 대한 선입견이 그것이다. 특정한 틀을 정해놓고 무수한 인과관계를 단순화하여 이해하는 자세는 역사학에서 지양해야 한다.
The theory of heteronomy in the colonialist study of history fundamentally claims that Korean history has progressed under the influence of foreign power. The idea is advanced from the historical view of Manchuria-Joseon and of the theory of peninsula characteristics. The historical view of Manchuria-Joseon emerged when the Japanese Empire attacked the northeastern area of China. According to this view, the history of Manchuria and that of the Korean Peninsula are linked, but at the same time, the latter is only a part of the former. This view was improvised because of the urgent needs of the reality, but this is inconsistent in many ways. The theory of peninsula characteristics acquired strength since the 1930s, being supported by the geopolitical theory of environmental determinism. This theory lacks a solid foundation in that it is based on the assumption that only geographical position determines history. Groundless ideas like these are rampant in today's Korea. Those who attach too much importance to Manchuria and those who are prejudiced against either peninsula or archipelago are good examples. In the study of history we should avoid simplifying numerous causal relationships based on only a few theoretical tools.
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