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1985년 남북적십자회담과 이산가족 상봉Inter-Korean Red Cross Talks and Separated Family Reunions in 1985

Other Titles
Inter-Korean Red Cross Talks and Separated Family Reunions in 1985
Authors
강혜경
Issue Date
Dec-2023
Publisher
한국민족운동사학회
Keywords
남북적십자회담; 남북이산가족 상봉; 남북이산가족 고향방문; 남북 예술공연단 교환방문; 대한적십자사; 북한적십자회중앙회; 남북한 이질화 극복; Inter-Korean Red Cross Talks; Reunion of Separated Families; South and North Korean Separated Families Visit their Hometowns; Exchange Visit between South and North Korean Art Performance Groups; Republic of Korea National Red Cross; North Korean Red Cross Central Committee; Overcoming Differences between South and North Korea
Citation
한국민족운동사연구, no.117, pp 259 - 300
Pages
42
Journal Title
한국민족운동사연구
Number
117
Start Page
259
End Page
300
URI
https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/159686
DOI
10.19612/KNM.117.2023.12.08
ISSN
1226-9980
Abstract
대한적십자사는 이산가족의 상봉을 위해 1972년부터 남북적십자회담을 전개하였다. 7차에 걸쳐 진행된 남북적십자회담은 1973년 북한측의 일방적 통고로 중단되면서 아무런 성과도 내지 못하였다. 1974년 7월부터 적십자회담의 재개를 위해 남북적십자의 실무회담을 시작했으나 이마저도 1978년 3월 19일 북한 적십자회중앙회 측의 일방적 무기 연기 통고에 따라 중단되었다. 1980년 중반 남북한은 ‘제2의 대화 시대’라고 지칭할 수 있을 정도로 대화와 교류가 진전되었다. 1985년은 남북간에 대화와 교류가 가장 활발했던 해로 5번의 경제회담, 국회 회담을 위한 예비접촉 두 차례, 1번의 체육 회담(로잔), 3번의 적십자회담이 열렸다. 1984년 북한 적십자회중앙회측의 수해물자 제공의사를 대한적십자사가 수용한 것을 계기로 남북적십자회담도 다시 재개되었다. 1985년 제8차, 9차, 10차 남북적십자 본회담이 열렸는데, 특히 8차 남북적십자 본회담에서 남북 이산가족 상봉에 대한 합의가 이루어졌다. 남북적십자회담의 결과 1985년 9월 분단 40년만에 최초로 남북 이산가족 고향방문단 및 예술공연단을 상호교환하는성과를 이루었다. 1985년 남북고향방문단의 교환을 통해 가족이나 연고자를 만난 이산 가족은 평양에서 상봉한 남한측 가족 35명, 서울에서 상봉한 북한측 가족30명 등 모두 65명이라는 제한된 규모, 제한된 지역의 방문이었다. 3박 4일의 남북이산가족 상봉과 공연예술단의 교환이었지만, 분단의 아픔이 얼마나 크고 깊었던가를 재확인해주는 역사적 계기를 마련해주었다. 남한과 북한은 서로를 대화의 상대로 인정하고 이산가족 상봉이라는 성과를 보여주기도 했으나, 여전히 체제 대립 속에서 진전된 단계로 나아가기에는 한계가 있었다. 남한과 북한이 서로를 알게 되는 시발점이 되었다는 것이 남북이산가족고향방문단과 공연예술단 교환의 성과이며 남북한의 교류를 통해 이질화를 해소하는 것은 이후 과제가 되었다.
The Korean Red Cross has been holding inter-Korean Red Cross talks since 1972 to reunite separated families. Seven rounds of inter-Korean Red Cross talks were halted due to North Korea's unilateral notification in 1973 and did not produce any results. Working-level talks between the South and North Korean Red Cross began in July 1974 to resume the Red Cross talks, but even these were suspended following a unilateral notice of postponement by the North Korean National Red Cross Association on March 19, 1978. By the mid-1980s, dialogue and exchanges between South and North Korea had progressed to the point where it could be referred to as the ‘second era of dialogue.’ 1985 was the year when dialogue and exchanges between South and North Korea were most active, with five economic talks, two preliminary contacts for the National Assembly meeting, one sports meeting (Lausanne), and three Red Cross talks. Inter-Korean Red Cross talks were also resumed when the Korean Red Cross accepted the North Korean Red Cross Central Committee's intention to provide flood damage supplies in 1984. The 8th, 9th, and 10th inter-Korean Red Cross main talks were held in 1985, and in particular, at the 8th inter-Korean Red Cross main talks, an agreement was reached on the reunion of separated families. As a result of the inter-Korean Red Cross talks, for the first time in 40 years of division, the south and North Korean separated families' hometown visitation groups and art performance groups were exchanged in September 1985. In 1985, the separated families who met their families or relatives through the exchange of South and North Korean hometown visiting groups were limited in size and limited to a limited area, with a total of 65 people, including 35 South Korean family members who were reunited in Pyongyang and 30 North Korean family members who were reunited in Seoul. Although it was a three-night, four-day reunion of separated South and North Korean families and an exchange of performing arts groups, it provided a historical opportunity that reaffirmed how great and deep the pain of division was. Although South Korea and North Korea recognized each other as partners for dialogue and showed success in reuniting separated families, there were still limits to advanced stage in the midst of system conflict. The achievement of the exchange of the South and North Korean separated families' hometown visitation group and performing arts groups was that it became the starting point for South and North Korea to get to know each other, and the subsequent task was to resolve the differences through exchanges between North and South Korea.
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