1920ㆍ30년대 한국기독교의 절제운동 ; 금주ㆍ금연운동을 중심으로

Abstract

The Korean temperance movement was carried on for the purpose of helping the troubled Korean national economy and of reforming the Korean morale. However, personal frugality was not enough for the strengthening of the Korean national The temperance movement of the Korea Church in the 1920s and the 1930s began with the decline of rural economy and the influx of decadent culture. The socialist anti-Christian movement provided an impetus for the campaign. It included efforts to prohibit licensed prostitution and opium, the promotion of frugality, as well as the anti-tobacco and anti-alcohol movement. At the basis were Western missionaries' religious and ethical teachings. But unlike Western counterparts, the Korean temperance movement was partly carried on to better the Korean economy under the Japanese rule. The Methodist church established the temperance association headquarter in the annual conference and its local chapters. The Presbyterian church did not make a central office, but rather utilized young Christian associations. The Chosun[Korean] Woman's Temperance Union which was an umbrella organ of the temperance movement did much for the spread of the movement. The Christian temperance movement used lectures, street demonstrations, and publications for its cause. Street demonstrations, in particular, staged throughout the country were most visible. A cooperation with the Chosun-ilbo that began in 1930 enhanced the campaign's effectiveness and broadened its audience. The campaign also utilized the Gidok Sinbo, a leading Christian newspaper, and denominational

economy that suffered under a colonial economic system. Besides, it was a campaign “within” the system. Despite its limitations, the Christian temperance movement succeeded in making the campaign a mass movement, thereby transmitting Christian social ethics to a larger community. In this sense, it went in parallel with other nationalist movements under the Japanese colonial rule