도이머이 이전 베트남 체제변화의 요인연구

Abstract

This article is a study on the factors affecting the changes of the Vietnam's political system from the unification of Vietnam in 1975 until the reform of Doi Moi in 1986. Many people are interested in how socialist countries such as China and Vietnam are changing, since the collapse of the real socialist system in the late 1980s. Actually, China and Vietnam have tried to change through reform and open-door policy. In this study, we see that the beginning of Vietnam 's transformation change is from the partial reform policy of the late 1970s. From this point of view, transformation of Vietnam has been ongoing for about 40 years. Will Vietnam's regime change continue while maintaining its socialist system? Will it change to another form? If so, will a new system emerge? To see this, we need to look at the whole process of Vietnam's transformation. The goal of this study is to analyze the factors affecting change in Vietnam from 1975 to 1985, and it is a study on the early stage of Vietnam's transformation. I looked at Vietnam 's change factors by internal factors and external factors. Vietnam's transformation is due to the interaction of internal factors and external factors. However, we wanted to see what factors played a strong role. The internal factors were analyzed based on the political, economic and social situation in Vietnam, and the external factors mainly focused on international aid and foreign relations, considering that Vietnam was dependent on external assistance for a long time. In conclusion, during the analysis period, it is not that there has been such a great change that the system of Vietnam in so much as to give up socialism. However, due to economic factors inside Vietnam, partial reform has been attempted by the political elites of the party leadership. Especially, this partial reform is important in that it was the start of a full-scale reform, Doi Moi in 1986. Therefore, economic factors that have a direct impact on Vietnam 's transformation and political factors that led to the change policy through the party's struggle are major factors. Despite the influence of a strong external factor, the Soviet Union, which is trying to defend the orthodox socialist system, it is very impressive that the reformist political elites in Vietnam attempted to reform in part. On the other hand, external factors such as international aid, and social factors did not seem to have had a significant impact on the change of the Vietnam. However, these factors are important in that they serve role as seeds for the subsequent transformation.