In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence for Brain Uptake of 4-Phenylbutyrate by the Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (MCT1)
- Authors
- Lee, Na-Young; Kang, Young-Sook
- Issue Date
- Jul-2016
- Publisher
- SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
- Keywords
- 4-Phenylbutyrate (4-PBA); blood-brain barrier; drug transport; internal carotid artery perfusion; intravenous injection; monocarboxylate transporter (MCT); TR-BBB cell
- Citation
- PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH, v.33, no.7, pp 1711 - 1722
- Pages
- 12
- Journal Title
- PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
- Volume
- 33
- Number
- 7
- Start Page
- 1711
- End Page
- 1722
- URI
- https://scholarworks.sookmyung.ac.kr/handle/2020.sw.sookmyung/9718
- DOI
- 10.1007/s11095-016-1912-6
- ISSN
- 0724-8741
1573-904X
- Abstract
- 4-Phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) is expected to be a potential therapeutic for several neurodegenerative diseases. These activities require 4-PBA transport into the brain across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The objective of the present study was to characterize the brain transport mechanism of 4-PBA through the BBB. The brain transport of 4-PBA across the BBB was investigated following intravenous (IV) injection and internal carotid artery perfusion (ICAP) in vivo. The mechanism of transport was examined using TR-BBB cells, an in vitro model of the BBB. The volume of distribution (V-D) of 4-PBA by rat brain was about 7-fold greater than that of sucrose, a BBB impermeable vascular space marker, suggesting the blood-to-brain transport of 4-PBA through the BBB in the physiological state. [C-14]4-PBA uptake by TR-BBB cells showed time-, pH- and concentration-dependence with a K (m) of 13.4 mM at pH 7.4 and 3.22 mM at pH 6.0. The uptake was Na+ independent, and was significantly inhibited by alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (a typical inhibitor for monocarboxylate transport), endogenous monocarboxylate compounds and monocarboxylic drugs. Lactate and valproate competitively inhibited [C-14]4-PBA uptake with K (i) value of 13.5 mM and 7.47 mM, respectively. These results indicate the role of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in 4-PBA transport into the brain at the BBB. TR-BBB cells expressed mRNA of rMCT1, 2, and 4, especially, rMCT1 showed high mRNA expression level. In addition, [C-14]4-PBA uptake was inhibited by rMCT1 specific small interfering RNA. The transport mechanism of 4-PBA from blood to brain across the BBB likely involves MCT1.
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