Evaluation of dietary manganese intake in Korean men and women over 20 years old

Abstract

This study was performed to estimate manganese intake and the major food source of manganese in Korean adults. The 354 subjects aged lover 20 years were measured anthropometrics and dietary intake using 24-hour recall method. Daily intake and the major food sources of manganese were calculated using manganese database of food composition tables in Korea, USA and Japan. The average age, height, weight and BMI were 54.6 years, 165.7 cm, 67.2 kg and 24.5 kg/m2 for men and 53.8 years, 153.7 cm, 59.1 kg and 24.9 kg/m2 for women, respectively. The daily energy and manganese intake of men were significantly higher than those of women (1740.9 kcal vs. 1432.6 kcal; p<0.001, 3.7 mg vs. 3.2 mg; p<0.01). However, daily manganese intake per 1000 kcal between men and women was not significantly different (2.2 mg/1000 kcal vs. 2.3 mg/1000 kcal). Daily manganese intakes from each food group were 1.9 mg from cereals, 0.5 mg from vegetables, 0.4 mg from pulses and 0.2 mg from seasonings. The 20 major food sources of dietary manganese were rice, soybean, sorghum, Kimchi, tobu, wheat flour, red pepper powder, small red bean, glutinous millet, soybean paste, potato, Ramyeon, green pepper, noodle, buckwheat Naengmyeon, soybean sprout, laver, watermelon, perilla seeds powder and soy sauce. Manganese intake from these 20 foods was 74.0% of the total dietary manganese intake. In conclusion, daily manganese intake of the subject was 3.4 mg (2.2 mg/1000 kcal) and met adequate intake of manganese. The major food sources of manganese were cereals, pulses, and vegetables such as rice, soybean, sorghum, Kimchi and tobu.